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If you are having discomfort or difficulty with pumping, one of the first things you might want to check is that your flange is the correct size for your nipple. While it may seem like a miniscule difference between sizes, having an appropriate flange fit has one of the biggest impacts on both milk output and comfort. It is important to recognize that nipples come in far more sizes than the standard 24-28 mm that usually comes as a default with the pump. Finding the right fit can require some trial and adjustment, but once you are successful it can drastically improve your overall pumping experience.
Signs Your Flange Might Be the Wrong Size
When appropriately sized, your nipple should move freely in the tunnel without friction and there should be little areola being pulled in with each suction.
Signs your flange is too small:
- Painful rubbing or pinching
- Nipple appears white or misshapen after pumping
- Nipple touches the sides of the tunnel
Signs your flange is too big:
- Large amounts of areola pulled into tunnel with suction
- Nipple ballooning at the base
- Nipple appears swollen after pumping
How to Measure Your Nipple for Flange Fit
Using a ruler or designated flange sizing tool (see Figure 1), measure the diameter of only the nipple, not the areola. Then, choose a flange size 1–3 mm larger than your measurement to ensure enough space for the nipple to move freely without pulling any areola into the flange. Flange sizes can generally range from 15mm to 36mm. Remember that it is possible for your nipple size to change over time, so checking your fit regularly can keep your pumping sessions running smoothly.
Figure 1. Correct nipple sizing using a flange sizing tool
Tips for Pumping Comfort Beyond Sizing
Lubrication with pumping can make a big difference in regards to comfort. With just a tiny amount of pump-safe lubricant or your favorite nipple balm, the nipple can glide more smoothly in the flange. This reduces the risk of irritation from friction while pumping. Make sure to only use a small amount, as too much lubrication can affect the suction.
Relaxation and letdown techniques are an important factor in how quickly and comfortably your milk begins to flow. Your letdown is driven by hormones, and stress can actually slow or block this reflex. By taking a moment to relax your shoulders and focus on your breathing, you can produce a calm initiation of your milk flow. Additionally, some parents find that applying warmth to the breast or utilizing breast massage and compression encourages a quicker letdown. Finding what helps your body relax and your milk flow will lead to noticeable improvements in your pumping sessions.
Pump quality, vacuum, and rhythm play a major role in pumping comfort. Some parents will note that they experience discomfort even after ensuring the flange has been correctly sized. This can be due to pump settings that do not match what your body responds to best. A high quality pump allows you to adjust various settings to mimic your baby’s specific suck pattern. Regarding the suction, starting with a lower vacuum and gradually increasing can help you identify a comfortable level. The goal is to find a gentle, effective rhythm that feels sustainable for you.
Breast and nipple skin care is often overlooked when it comes to pumping comfort. If you are experiencing nipple dryness or irritation, it can be highly beneficial to keep the area moisturized so the repeated pumping does not irritate it further. It is usually best to use gentle, fragrance-free products. If you notice persistent pain or worsening irritation, do not hesitate to recheck your flange size and contact a healthcare provider or IBCLC for guidance.
Ultimately, pumping should be a comfortable experience, not a painful one. If you have been toughing out the pain or guessing your flange size, you are absolutely not alone. All parents deserve a more pleasant, efficient pumping experience.
